Did Queen Elizabeth Really Like Paper Art So Much

Fine art drove of the British Royal Family unit

The Royal Drove of the British purple family is the largest private art collection in the world.^[one] ^[two] ^[3]

Spread amidst 13 occupied and celebrated royal residences in the U.k., the collection is endemic by Elizabeth Two and overseen by the Royal Collection Trust. The Queen owns some of the collection in right of the Crown and some as a private individual. Information technology is made upwards of over 1 one thousand thousand objects,^[4] including 7,000 paintings, over 150,000 works on paper,^[5] this including 30,000 watercolours and drawings,^[6] and about 450,000 photographs,^[seven] besides as tapestries, furniture, ceramics, textiles, carriages, weapons, armour, jewellery, clocks, musical instruments, tableware, plants, manuscripts, books, and sculptures.

Some of the buildings which house the drove, similar Hampton Courtroom Palace, are open to the public and non lived in past the Royal Family unit, whilst others, similar Windsor Castle and Kensington Palace, are both residences and open to the public. The Queen's Gallery at Buckingham Palace in London was built specially to exhibit pieces from the collection on a rotating footing. In that location is a similar art gallery next to the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh, and a Drawings Gallery at Windsor Castle. The Crown Jewels are on public display in the Jewel Business firm at the Belfry of London.

About 3,000 objects are on loan to museums throughout the world, and many others are lent on a temporary footing to exhibitions.^[4]

History [edit]

Few items from before Henry VIII survive. The most of import additions were fabricated by Charles I, a passionate collector of Italian paintings and a major patron of Van Dyck and other Flemish artists. He purchased the majority of the Gonzaga collection from the Duchy of Mantua. The entire Regal Drove, which included one,500 paintings and 500 statues,^[eight] was sold after Charles'due south execution in 1649. The 'Sale of the Late King'due south Goods' at Somerset House raised £185,000 for the English Democracy. Other items were given abroad in lieu of payment to settle the rex'south debts.^[9] A number of pieces were recovered past Charles 2 after the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, and they course the basis for the collection today. The Dutch Republic likewise presented Charles with the Dutch Gift of 28 paintings, 12 sculptures, and a selection of furniture. He went on to purchase many paintings and other works.

George III was mainly responsible for forming the collection's outstanding holdings of Onetime Master drawings; large numbers of these, and many Venetian paintings including over forty Canalettos, joined the collection when he bought the drove of Joseph "Consul Smith", which also included a large number of books.^[11] Many other drawings were bought from Alessandro Albani, cardinal and art dealer in Rome.^[12]

George Four shared Charles I's enthusiasm for collecting, buying up large numbers of Dutch Golden Age paintings and their Flemish contemporaries. Like other English collectors, he took advantage of the not bad quantities of French decorative art on the London market after the French Revolution, and is mostly responsible for the collection'south outstanding holdings of 18th-century French furniture and porcelain, especially Sèvres. He too bought much contemporary English silverish, and many recent and gimmicky English paintings.^[13] Queen Victoria and her hubby Albert were keen collectors of contemporary and erstwhile master paintings.

Many objects have been given from the drove to museums, specially by George 3 and Victoria and Albert. In particular, the King'southward Library formed by George 3 with the aid of his librarian Frederick Augusta Barnard, consisting of 65,000 printed books, was given to the British Museum, now the British Library, where they remain every bit a singled-out collection.^[fourteen] He likewise donated the "Old Imperial Library" of some 2,000 manuscripts, which are even so segregated equally the Royal manuscripts.^[xv] The core of this drove was the purchase by James I of the related collections of Humphrey Llwyd, Lord Lumley, and the Earl of Arundel.^[16] Prince Albert's will requested the donation of a number of more often than not early paintings to the National Gallery, London, which Queen Victoria fulfilled.^[17]

Mod era [edit]

Throughout the reign of Elizabeth Ii (1952–present), in that location accept been pregnant additions to the collection through judicious purchases, bequests, and gifts from nation states and official bodies.^[18] Since 1952, approximately two,500 works accept been added to the Royal Collection.^[9] The Commonwealth is strongly represented in this manner: an case is 75 contemporary Canadian watercolours that entered the collection between 1985 and 2001 as a gift from the Canadian Club of Painters in H2o Color.^[19] Modern fine art acquired past Elizabeth 2 includes pieces past Sir Anish Kapoor, Lucian Freud, and Andy Warhol.^[9] In 2002 it was revealed that xx paintings (excluding works on newspaper) were acquired by the Queen in the first 50 years of her reign, mostly portraits of previous monarchs or their close relatives. Eight were purchased at sale, six bought from dealers, iii deputed, two donated or bequeathed, and one was a purchase from Winchester Cathedral.^[20] ^[21]

In 1987 a new department of the Royal Household was established to oversee the Royal Collection, and information technology was financed by the commercial activities of Royal Collection Enterprises, a limited company. Earlier and so, it was maintained using the monarch's official income paid by the Civil List. Since 1993 the collection has been funded past archway fees to Windsor Castle and Buckingham Palace.^[22]

Collection [edit]

The Gold Land Omnibus was deputed by George 3 in 1760.

A computerised inventory of the collection was started in early on 1991,^[23] and it was completed in Dec 1997.^[24] The full inventory is not available to the public, though catalogues of parts of the collection – particularly paintings – have been published, and a searchable database on the Royal Drove website is increasingly comprehensive,^[25] with "271,697 items plant" by late 2020.^[26]

About a third of the vii,000 paintings in the drove are on view or stored at buildings in London which fall under the remit of the Celebrated Royal Palaces agency: the Tower of London, Hampton Courtroom Palace, Kensington Palace, Banqueting House (Whitehall), and Kew Palace.^[27] The Jewel Firm and Martin Tower at the Tower of London also house the Crown Jewels. A rotating selection of fine art, furniture, jewellery, and other items considered to be of the highest quality is shown at the Queen's Gallery, a purpose-built exhibition centre virtually Buckingham Palace.^[28] Many objects are displayed in the palace itself, the state rooms of which are open to visitors for much of the year, besides as in Windsor Castle, Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh, the Majestic Pavilion in Brighton, and Osborne House on the Island of Wight. Some works are on long-term or permanent loan to museums and other places; the virtually famous of these are the Raphael Cartoons, in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London since 1865.^[29]

Paintings, prints and drawings [edit]

The drove's holdings of Western fine fine art are among the largest and nigh of import assemblages in existence, with works of the highest quality, and in many cases artists whose works cannot be fully understood without a report of the holdings contained inside the Majestic Drove. There are over 7,000 paintings, spread across the Royal residences and palaces. The collection does not merits to provide a comprehensive, chronological survey of Western fine art but it has been shaped by the private tastes of kings, queens and their families over the last 500 years.

The prints and drawings drove is based in the Print Room, Windsor, and is uncommonly strong, with famous holdings of drawings by Leonardo da Vinci (550), Raphael, Michelangelo and Hans Holbein the Younger (85). A large part of the Old Main drawings were acquired by George III.^[31] Starting in early 2019, 144 of Leonardo da Vinci's drawings from the Collection went on display in 12 locations in the UK.^[32] From May to October that year, 200 of the drawings were on brandish in the Queen'southward Gallery at Buckingham Palace.^[33]

Benjamin West – at least 60 paintings

Abraham Bloemaert – at least ane painting
Gerard ter Borch – at least 2 paintings
Jan Dirksz Both – at least at least i painting
Jan de Bray – at least at least 1 painting
Hendrick ter Brugghen – at least 1 painting
Aelbert Cuyp – at to the lowest degree 7 paintings
Gerrit Dou – at least four paintings
Frans Hals – at least 1 painting
Hugo van der Goes – at least 1 painting
Maarten van Heemskerck – at least two paintings
January van der Heyden – at least 2 paintings
Meyndert Hobbema – at least 2 paintings
Melchior d'Hondecoeter – at to the lowest degree iv paintings
Gerard van Honthorst – at to the lowest degree 6 paintings
Pieter de Hooch – at least 3 paintings
Nicolaes Maes – at least 1 painting
January Mertens the Younger – at to the lowest degree ane painting
Gabriel Metsu – at to the lowest degree 1 painting
Daniël Mijtens – at least ix paintings
Adriaen van Ostade – at to the lowest degree 5 paintings
Rembrandt – at least 6 paintings
Salomon van Ruysdael – at least i painting
Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruisdael – at least 1 painting
January Steen – at to the lowest degree 7 paintings
Adriaen van de Velde – at least 4 paintings
Willem van de Velde the Younger – at to the lowest degree 7 paintings
Johannes Vermeer – at least ane painting (come across epitome)
January Weenix – at least i painting:
Adriaen van der Werff – at least 1 painting
Philip Wouwerman – at least 5 paintings

William Beechey – at least 17 paintings
Thomas Gainsborough – at least 33 paintings, including a rare mythological piece of work, Diana and Actaeon
William Hogarth – at least 3 paintings
John Hoppner – at least vii paintings
Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen – at to the lowest degree two paintings
Sir Godfrey Kneller – at least fifteen paintings
Edwin Henry Landseer – at to the lowest degree 100 paintings and drawings
Thomas Lawrence – at least 50 paintings
Peter Lely – at least 20 paintings
Joshua Reynolds – at least 20+ paintings
George Stubbs – at to the lowest degree 18 paintings

January Brueghel the Elderberry – at to the lowest degree ane painting
Pieter Bruegel the Elderberry – at least 1 painting
Denys Calvaert – at to the lowest degree 1 painting
Joos van Cleve – at least iv paintings
Pieter van Coninxloo – at least 1 painting
Anthony van Dyck – at least 26 paintings
Frans Francken the Younger – at least 1 painting
Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger – at least 1 painting
Frans Hals – at to the lowest degree ane painting
Jan Mabuse – at least ane painting
Quentin Matsys – at least 1 painting
Hans Memling – at least 1 painting
Frans Pourbus the younger – at to the lowest degree 2 paintings
Jan Provoost – at least 1 painting
Peter Paul Rubens – at least 13 paintings, 5 drawings (see image)
David Teniers the Younger – at least 27 paintings

François Clouet – at least 3 paintings
Jean Clouet – at least 1 painting, 1 miniature
Hippolyte Delaroche – at least 3 paintings
Gaspard Dughet – at to the lowest degree 3 paintings
Nicolas de Largillière – at least 1 painting
Jean-Étienne Liotard – at least 16 paintings
Claude Lorrain – at least 5 paintings
Claude Monet – at least 1 painting
Louis Le Nain – at to the lowest degree one painting
Jean-Baptiste Pater – at least 4 paintings
Nicolas Poussin – at to the lowest degree A big collection of his drawings at Windsor, second only to that in the Musée du Louvre
Eustache Le Sueur – at to the lowest degree 1 painting
Georges de La Bout – at least 1 painting
Simon Vouet – at least 1 painting

Albrecht Dürer – at least 1 painting
Hans Holbein the Younger – at least 7 paintings, 80 drawings and v miniatures
Lucas Cranach the Elder – at least 5 paintings
Lucas Cranach the Younger – at least 1 painting
Georg Pencz – at least 1 painting
Franz Xaver Winterhalter – at to the lowest degree 120 paintings, xx drawings & watercolours
Johann Zoffany – at to the lowest degree 17 paintings

Niccolò dell'Abbate – at least 1 painting
Alessandro Allori – at least ane painting
Fra Angelico – at least 1 painting
Jacopo Bassano – at to the lowest degree 6 paintings
Leandro Bassano – at least 3 paintings
Giovanni Bellini – at least 1 painting
Gian Lorenzo Bernini – at least 50 drawings
Francesco Borromini – at least 100 drawings
Bronzino (Agnolo di Cosimo) – at least one painting
Canaletto (Giovanni Antonio Culvert) – at to the lowest degree 50 paintings and 140 drawings
Caravaggio (Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio) – at to the lowest degree ii paintings
Polidoro da Caravaggio – at least 9 paintings
Giovanni Cariani – at least two paintings
Luca Carlevaris – at least 4 paintings
Agostino, Annibale and Ludovico Carracci – at to the lowest degree v paintings, more than than 350 drawings
Cima da Conegliano – at to the lowest degree 1 painting
Jacopo di Cione – at least one painting
Antonio da Correggio – at least two paintings
Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione – at least 260 drawings
Bernardo Daddi – at to the lowest degree i painting
Carlo Dolci – at to the lowest degree ane painting
Domenichino (Domenico Zampieri) – at least one painting, as well equally 1,700 drawings in 34 albums, the Imperial Collection's largest holdings by a unmarried artist^{[ citation needed ]}
Dosso Dossi – at least 2 paintings
Duccio – at least ane painting
Gentile da Fabriano – at to the lowest degree 1 painting
Girolamo Forabosco – at least 1 painting
Domenico Fetti – at least xiv paintings
Lattanzio Gambara – at least viii paintings
Benvenuto Tisi (Il Garofalo) – at least one painting
Raffaellino del Garbo – at to the lowest degree i painting
Artemisia Gentileschi – at least 1 painting
Orazio Gentileschi – at least 2 paintings
Luca Giordano – at least 12 paintings
Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri) – at least ane painting, and largest group of Guercino drawings in the earth, some 400 sheets, likewise as 200 by his administration and 200 other works^[35]
Leonardo da Vinci – at least 600 drawings, finest collection of Leonardo drawings in the globe^[36]
Bernardino Licinio – at least iv paintings
Pietro Longhi – at least 2 paintings
Lorenzo Lotto – at least 3 paintings – at least Portrait of Andrea Odoni
Andrea Mantegna – at least 9 canvases known as The Triumphs of Caesar
Ludovico Mazzolino – at least i painting
Michelangelo – at least twenty drawings
Parmigianino (Francesco Mazzola) – at least 2 paintings and thirty drawings
Pietro Perugino – at least i painting
Francesco Pesellino – at least ane painting
Pontormo (Jacopo da Pontormo) – at least 1 painting
Raphael – at to the lowest degree 8 paintings, too equally an all-encompassing collection of drawings. In that location are seven full-size cartoons for the tapestries designed to hang in the Sistine Chapel. During the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Raphael attained the zenith of his reputation. Consequently, the Raphael Cartoons accept get some of the nigh famous, and widely imitated, paintings in the world. Since 1865 they have been on loan from the Royal Drove to the V&A.^[37]
Guido Reni – at least 1 painting
Sebastiano Ricci – at least fourteen paintings
Girolamo Romanino – at least 1 painting
Giulio Romano – at least six paintings
Andrea Sacchi – at least 130 drawings
Francesco de' Rossi (Il Salviati) – at least i painting
Andrea del Sarto – at least 2 paintings
Girolamo Savoldo – at least 2 paintings
Andrea Schiavone – at to the lowest degree two paintings
Bernardo Strozzi – at least 1 painting
Zanobi Strozzi – at least i painting
Tintoretto – at least 5 paintings
Titian (Tiziano Vecelli) – at least four paintings
Alessandro Turchi – at least 4 paintings
Perin del Vaga – at least 2 paintings
Giorgio Vasari – at least one painting
Palma Vecchio – at least 2 paintings
Paolo Veronese – at to the lowest degree 3 paintings
Antonio Verrio – at to the lowest degree i painting
Francesco Zuccarelli – at least 27 paintings, together with 8 works collaborated with Antonio Visentini
Federico Zuccari – at least 1 painting

Furniture [edit]

Numbering over 300 items, the Regal Collection holds one of the greatest and about important collections of French furniture ever assembled. The drove is noted for its encyclopedic range also every bit counting the greatest cabinet-makers of the Ancien Régime.

Joseph Baumhauer – Bas d'armoire, c. 1765–70
Pierre-Antoine Bellangé – at least thirteen items, including:
Deux paire de Pedestals, inset with porcelain plaques, c. 1820
Paire de pier tabular array, c. 1823–1824 (The Blue Cartoon Room, Buckingham Palace)
Paire de petit pier tabular array, c. 1823–24 (The Blue Drawing Room, Buckingham Palace)
Side tabular array, c. 1820
Paire de secretaire, c. 1827-28
Paire de cabinets, (run across pietra dura section), c. 1820
André-Charles Boulle – at least thirteen items, including:
Armoire, c. 1700 (The Grand Corridor, Windsor Castle)
Armoire, c. 1700 (The Grand Corridor, Windsor Castle)
Cabinet (en première-partie), c. 1700 (The Yard Corridor, Windsor Castle)
Cabinet (en contre-partie), c. 1700 (The Grand Corridor, Windsor Castle)
Cabinet, (without stand, similar to ones in the State Hermitage Museum and the collections of the Duke of Buccleuch)
Paire de bas d'armoire, (The Yard Corridor, Windsor Castle)
Writing table, possibly delivered to Louis, the M Dauphin (1661–1711), c. 1680
Paire de torchère, c. 1700
Bureau Plat, c. 1710 (The Rubens Room, Windsor Castle)
Petit gaines, attributed to., early 18th century
Martin Carlin – at least 2 items:
Cabinet (commode à vantaux), (see pietra dura section), c. 1778
Chiffonier, mounted with Sèvres plaques, c. 1783
Jacob-Desmalter & Cie – at least ane particular:
Agency à cylindre, c. 1825
Jacob Frères – at least one item:
Writing-tabular array, c. 1805
Gérard-Jean Galle – at to the lowest degree ane detail:
Candelabra x2, early 19th century
Pierre Garnier – at least 2 items:
Paire de cabinets, c. 1770
Georges Jacob – at least 30 items, including:
Petit sofa, c. 1790
Tête-à-tête, c. 1790
Fauteuil, c. 1790
Lit à la Polonaise, c. 1790
Small armchairs and settees, suite of twenty, c. 1786
Armchairs x4, c. 1786
Gilles Joubert – at least two items:
Pair of Pedestals, delivered for the bedroom of Louis Xv at Versailles, c. 1762
Pierre Langlois – at least 5 items, including:
Commode, c. 1765 Deux paire de commode, c. 1763
Étienne Levasseur – at least seven items:
Side-tabular array, attributed to, c. 1770 Deux paire de gaines, attributed to, c. 1770 Deux secretaire, adapted from an Andre-Charles Boulle tabular array en bureau, c. 1770
Martin-Eloy Lignereux – at least 2 items:
Paire de cabinets, (run across pietra dura section), c. 1803
Bernard Molitor – at to the lowest degree three items:
Commode, c. 1780
Paire de secretaires, c. 1815
Bernard II van Risamburgh – at least 2 items:
Centre-table, c. 1775
Commode, c. 1745
Jean Henri Riesener – at least half dozen items:
Commode, delivered to Louis 16's "Chambre du Roi" at Versailles, c. 1774;
Paire de encoignure, delivered to Louis Sixteen's "Chambre du Roi" at Versailles, c. 1774;
Jewel-chiffonier, delivered to the Comtesse de Provence, c. 1787
Writing-table, c. 1785
Agency à cylindre, c. 1775
Sèvres – at least 1 item:
Centre-table, 'The Table of the K Commanders', c. 1806–12 (The Bluish Drawing Room, Buckingham Palace)
Pierre-Philippe Thomire – at least xv items, including:
Pedestal, c. 1813
Pedestal for the equestrian statue of Louis XIV, c. 1826
Paire de candelabra, 8 light, c. 1828
Torchères x11, c. 1814
Clock, mounts attributed to., 1803
Candelabra x2, early on 19th century
Benjamin Vulliamy & Benjamin Lewis Vulliamy – at least four items:
Torchere x4, 1814
Benjamin Vulliamy – at least 3 items:
Candelabrum x2, 1811
Mantel clock, c. 1780
Adam Weisweiler – at least thirteen items:
Cabinet, inset with a Sèvres plaque, late 18th century
Cabinet, (come across pietra dura section), 1780
Side Table, (see pietra dura section), c. 1780
Side Table, (run into pietra dura section), c. 1785 (The Green Drawing Room, Buckingham Palace)
Paire de pier-tabular array, in chinoiserie fashion, c. 1787–1790
Commode, c. 1785
Console-table x4, c.1785
Paire de petit bas d'armoire, manner of. boulle, late 18th century

Robert Hume (English) – at least 1 item:
Pair of cabinets, (run across pietra dura section), c. 1820
Unknown (Flemish) – at least 2 items:
Cabinet-on-stand, c. 1660
Cabinet-on-stand, 17th century
Johann Daniel Sommer (German) – at least 2 items:
Pair of cabinets-on-stand, attributed to. (stands English), tardily 17th century
Melchior Baumgartner (German) – at least 2 items:
Organ Clock, 1664
Cabinet, (see Pietra Dura section), c. 1660
Unknown (Dutch) – at to the lowest degree 1 item:
Secretaire-cabinet, in boulle marquetry, c. 1700
Pietra Dura – at least eleven items:
Cabinet, Augsburg, attributed to Melchior Baumgartner, c. 1660
Chiffonier, Italian, c. 1680
Cabinet, Adam Weisweiler – at least inset with pietra dura panels, 1780 (The Dark-green Cartoon Room, Buckingham Palace)
Side Table, Adam Weisweiler – at least inset with pietra dura panels, c. 1780 (The Silk Tapestry Room, Buckingham Palace)
Cabinet (commode à vantaux), Martin Carlin – at least inset with pietra dura panels re-used from Louis XIVs nifty Florentine cabinets, c. 1778 (The Silk Tapestry Room, Buckingham Palace)
Casket, Italian: Florentine, c. 1720
Paire de cabinets, Martin-Eloy Lignereux – at least inset with Florentine plaques, c. 1803
- Paire de cabinets, Pierre-Antoine Bellangé – at least inset with precious stones based on a Florentine blueprint by Baccio del Bianco, c. 1820
Pair of cabinets, Robert Hume, c. 1820 (The Crimson Drawing Room, Windsor Castle)
Iv Florentine pietra dura panels on 18th century cabinets, re-adapted, c. 1820s (The White Drawing Room, Buckingham Palace)
Miscellaneous:
Cabinet-on-stand, magnificent example equanimous of ebony, mid-17th century
Bureau, magnificent instance similar to a version in both the V&A and the Getty Museum, 1690–95
Bureaux Mazarin x2, in Boulle style, belatedly 17th century
Bureaux Mazarin x2, in Boulle mode, c. 1700 (The Ballroom, Windsor Castle)
Bureaux Mazarin, late 17th century (The W Gallery, Buckingham Palace)
Deux paire de boulle bas d'cabinets

Sculpture and decorative arts [edit]

André-Charles Boulle – at least four items:
Pall clock, c. 1710 (The Green Drawing Room, Windsor Castle)
Pedestal clock, (Like to ones in Blenheim Palace, Chateau de Versailles, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Frick Drove and the Cleveland Museum of Art)
Pedestal clock, belatedly 17th century;
Pedestal clock, c. 1720
Abraham-Louis Breguet – at least ane item:
Empire regulator clock, 1825
De La Croix – at to the lowest degree ane item:
Large clock, raised on a bronze plaque plinth, c. 1775 (The Due east Gallery, Buckingham Palace)
Gérard-Jean Galle – at least one particular:
Clock, figures and frieze representing the Oath of the Horaatii, early 19th century
Jean-Pierre Latz – at least 2 items:
Pedestal Clock, (reputed from the Chateau de Versailles), c. 1735–forty
Barometer and Pedestal, c. 1735
Jean Antoine Lépine – at least 1 detail:
Clock, in the form of an African Diana, the goddess of the Hunt, 1790 (The Blue Drawing Room, Buckingham Palace)
Astronomical Clock, c. 1790 (The Blue Drawing Room, Buckingham Palace)
Martin-Eloy Lignereux – at to the lowest degree one item:
Clock, 1803
Pierre-Philippe Thomire – at least 1 particular:
Clock, in the grade of Apollo's chariot, c. 1805 (The State Dining Room, Buckingham Palace)
Benjamin Vulliamy – at to the lowest degree 1 item:
Clock, in the class of a bull, c. 1755–1760
Benjamin Lewis Vulliamy – at least 1 item:
Clock, fitted with three porcelain figures, c. 1788 (The State Dining Room, Buckingham Palace)

Matthew Boulton – at least 4 items:
Two pairs of vases, c. late 18th century (The Marble Hall, Buckingham Palace)
Fabergé – at to the lowest degree 3 Purple Eggs and i Easter Egg
Gérard-Jean Galle – at to the lowest degree 2 items:
Candelabrum x2, in the class of cornucopias, c. early 19th century
François Rémond – at least 12 items:
Candelabra x8, iv pairs, c. 1787 (The Blue Drawing Room & The Music Room, Buckingham Palace)
Candelabra x4, delivered to the comte d'Artois for the cabinet de Turc at Versailles, 1783 (The State Dining Room, Buckingham Palace)
Pierre-Philippe Thomire – at to the lowest degree three items:
Vase, c. early 19th century (The Music Room, Windsor Castle)
Candelabra x2, malachite and bronze, early 19th century (The White Drawing Room, Buckingham Palace)
Candelabra x2, malachite and statuary, c. 1828 (The Land Dining Room, Buckingham Palace)
Candelabra x4, figures of patinated bronze, c. 1810 (The East Gallery, Buckingham Palace)

Sèvres porcelain – Arguably the world'southward largest drove
Chelsea porcelain – Complete service finished in 1763

Antonio Canova – at least 3 items:
Mars and Venus, c. 1815–1817 (The Ministers' Staircase, Buckingham Palace)
Fountain nymph, 1819 (The Marble Hall, Buckingham Palace)
Dirce, 1824 (The Marble Hall, Buckingham Palace)
François Girardon – at least 1 detail:
Bronze equestrian statue of Louis 14, after Girardon, c. 1700
Louis-Claude Vassé – at least one detail:
Equestrian statue of Louis Fifteen, a modest reduction copy after the original by Edmé Bouchardon, c. 1764
Antiquities – at least 2 items:
British Bronze Age - the Rillaton Gilt Cup, on long-term loan to the British Museum.^[38]
Lely Venus, a Hellenistic statue of the "crouching Venus" type, bought by Charles I, on long-term loan to the British Museum.

The Story of Abraham, set of ten, woven in Brussels in the 1540s for Henry VIII
Gobelins – at least 36 items:
Tapestry, four (from a series of twenty-eight designs) from the 'History of Don Quixote' given by Louis XVI to Richard Cosway, by whom presented to George Four, c. 1788
Tapestry, 8 from the series 'Les Portières des Dieux', c. 18th century
Tapestry, four from the serial 'Les Amours des Dieux', c. late 18th century
Tapestry, eight from the series 'Jason and the Golden Fleece', 1776-1779
Tapestry, seven from the series 'History of Esther', 1783
Tapestry, three from the serial 'Story of Daphnis and Chloë', 1754
Tapestry, two from the serial 'Story of Meleager and Atalanta', 1844

Costume [edit]

Elizabeth II showing works of art to Enrique Peña Nieto, then President of Mexico, on his land visit to the UK in 2015

The collection has a number of items of clothing, including those worn by members of the Royal family, particularly female members, some going back to the early 19th century. These include ceremonial dress and several wedding dresses, including that of Queen Victoria (1840).^[39] There are also servant's livery uniforms, and a number of exotic pieces presented over the years, going back to a "war coat" of Tipu Sultan (d. 1799).^[forty] In recent years these have featured more prominently in displays and exhibitions, and are popular with the public.

Gems and Jewels [edit]

A drove of 277 cameos, intaglios, badges of insignia, snuffboxes and pieces of jewellery known as the Gems and Jewels are kept at Windsor Castle. Separate from Elizabeth II's jewels and the Crown Jewels, 24 pre-date the Renaissance and the rest were made in the 16th–19th centuries. In 1862, information technology was commencement shown publicly at the Southward Kensington Museum, at present the Victoria and Albert Museum. Several objects were removed and others added in the second half of the Victorian period. An inventory of the collection was fabricated in 1872, and a catalogue, Aboriginal and Modern Gems and Jewels in the Collection of Her Majesty The Queen, was published in 2008 past the Royal Collection Trust.^[41]

Ownership [edit]

The Majestic Drove is privately owned, although some of the works are displayed in areas of palaces and other imperial residences open to visitors for the public to relish.^[42] Some of the collection is owned past the monarch personally,^[43] and everything else is described as being held in trust by the monarch in right of the Crown. It is understood that works of art acquired past monarchs up to the expiry of Queen Victoria in 1901 are heirlooms which fall into the latter category. Items the British majestic family acquired later, including official gifts,^[44] can be added to that function of the collection past a monarch at his or her discretion. Ambiguity surrounds the status of objects that have come into the possession of Elizabeth II during her reign.^[45] The Purple Collection Trust has confirmed that all pieces left to the Queen by the Queen Female parent, which include works by Monet, Nash, and Fabergé, belong to her personally.^[46] Information technology has as well been confirmed that she owns the Imperial stamp collection, inherited from her father George VI, as a individual individual.^[47]

Not-personal items are said to exist inalienable every bit they can only be willed to the monarch'due south successor. The legal accuracy of this claim has never been substantiated in court.^[48] Co-ordinate to Cameron Cobbold, then Lord Chamberlain, speaking in 1971, pocket-size items have occasionally been sold to assistance raise coin for acquisitions, and duplicates of items are given abroad as presents within the Democracy.^[45] In 1995, Iain Sproat, then Secretary of State for National Heritage, told the House of Commons that selling objects was "entirely a matter for the Queen".^[49] In a 2000 television interview, the Duke of Edinburgh said that the Queen was "technically, perfectly at liberty to sell them".^[28]

Hypothetical questions have been asked in Parliament about what should happen to the drove if the UK always becomes a republic.^[50] In other European countries, the art collections of deposed monarchies commonly have been taken into state ownership or become office of other national collections held in trust for the public's enjoyment.^[51] Nether the European Convention on Human Rights, incorporated into British law in 1998, the monarch may accept to be compensated for the loss of any assets held in right of the Crown unless he or she agreed to give up them voluntarily.^[52]

Management [edit]

Logo of the Royal Drove Trust

A registered clemency, the Royal Collection Trust was ready in 1993 after the Windsor Castle fire with a mandate to conserve the works and enhance the public's appreciation and understanding of art.^[53] It employs around 500 staff and is one of the 5 departments of the Royal Household.^[54] Buildings do not come under its remit. In 2012, the team of curatorial staff numbered 29, and at that place were 32 conservationists.^[55] Income is raised by charging entrance fees to see the collection at various locations and selling books and merchandise to the public. The Trust is financially independent and receives no Regime funding or public subsidy.^[56] A studio at Marlborough House is responsible for the conservation of furniture and decorative objects.^[57]

Attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Trust lost £64 million during 2020 and announced 130 redundancies, including the roles of Surveyor of the Queen's Pictures and Surveyor of the Queen'southward Works of Fine art.^[58]

The Royal Collection Trust is a company limited past guarantee, registered in England and Wales, No. 2713536. It is a Registered Charity No. 1016972; Registered Function: York House, St James'southward Palace, London SW1A 1BQ.

On its website, the Trust describes its purpose as overseeing the "maintenance and conservation of the Purple Collection, field of study to proper custodial control in the service of the Queen and the nation." Information technology too deals with acquisitions for the Regal Collection, and the display of the Royal Drove to the public.

Lath of Trustees [edit]

The Board of Trustees includes the post-obit officers of the Royal Household: the Lord Chamberlain, the Private Secretary to the Sovereign and the Keeper of the Privy Purse. Other Trustees are appointed for their knowledge and expertise in areas relevant to the charity'due south activities. Currently, the trustees are:

James Leigh-Pemberton (Chairman)
Marc Bolland (Deputy Chairman)
Brian Ivory
Tony Johnstone-Burt
Anna Keay
Lord Parker of Minsmere (Lord Chamberlain)
Michael Stevens (Keeper of the Privy Handbag)
Edward Young (Individual Secretary to the Sovereign)

Direction Board [edit]

The Management Board is the committee responsible for the day-to-solar day running of the Royal Collection. It is appointed by the Board of Trustees.

It consists of:

Tim Knox (Director of the Royal Collection)
Keith Harrison (Finance Director)
Michelle Lockhart (Commercial Managing director)

Gallery [edit]

Titian, Portrait of Jacopo Sannazaro (1514–18)
Titian, Madonna and Kid in a Landscape with Tobias and the Affections (1535-1540)
Peter Paul Rubens, Milkmaids with cattle in a landscape, 'The Farm at Laken', c. 1617–1618
Canaletto, The Bacino di San Marco on Ascension Twenty-four hours, c. 1733–1734

Come across likewise [edit]

Arts Quango Collection
Crown Collection
Government Fine art Collection
Portland Drove
Surveyor of the Queen'due south Pictures
Surveyor of the Queen's Works of Fine art
Wallace Collection

Notes [edit]

^
All of these paintings ordinarily hang in the palace's Film Gallery. From left to right:
- Claude Lorrain, Harbour Scene at Sunset (1643)
- Canaletto, The Piazzetta Looking Northward-West with the Narthex of San Marco (c. 1723–24)
- Canaletto, The Piazzetta Looking towards San Giorgio Maggiore (c. 1723–24)
- Canaletto, The Piazzetta Looking towards Santa Maria della Salute (c. 1723–24)
- Canaletto, The Piazzetta Looking North towards the Torre dell'Orologio (c. 1723–24)
- Claude Lorrain, Coast Scene with the Rape of Europa (1667)
- Canaletto, The Bacino di San Marco on Rise Day (c. 1733–34)

References [edit]

^ Stuart Jeffries (21 November 2002). "Kindness of strangers". The Guardian . Retrieved 15 July 2016.
^ Jerry Brotton (ii Apr 2006). "The keen British art swindle". The Dominicus Times. Archived from the original on two Dec 2016. Some people know that this is mayhap the finest, and certainly what the imperial palaces website proudly calls "the largest private collection of art in the globe".
^ Hall, p. 3.
^ ^a ^b "FAQs almost the Purple Drove". Purple Collection Trust. Archived from the original on four April 2016.
^ "Jeremy, Curator of Prints and Drawings", RC website
^ "Secrets of the Queen's paintings". The Telegraph. 15 February 2015. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
^ "About the Collection: Photographs". Imperial Collection Trust . Retrieved 4 March 2019.
^ Michael Prodger (22 January 2018). "The cavalier collector: how Charles I gained (and lost) some of the globe's all-time art". New Statesman . Retrieved iv March 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c Michael Prodger (17 Dec 2017). "The Royals' Treasures". Civilization. The Sunday Times. pp. 44–45.
^ "Lady at the Virginals with a Gentleman". Royal Drove Trust. Inventory no. 405346.
^ Lloyd (1991), 143, 164, 166
^ "George III", Royal Collection
^ "King George Four", Royal Collection; Lloyd (1991), 143
^ "The King's Library, British Library
^ "Royal manuscripts", British Library
^ R. Brinley Jones, 'Llwyd, Humphrey (1527–1568)', Oxford Lexicon of National Biography, Oxford Academy Press, Sept 2004
^ "Prince Albert and the Gallery", National Gallery
^ Sir Hugh Roberts in Roberts, pp. 25 and 391.
^ Jackson, p. 59.
^ Martin Bailey (1 Dec 2002). "The Royal Drove discloses listing of twenty pictures purchases over the terminal fifty years". The Art Newspaper . Retrieved eight March 2021.
^ "The 4 eldest Children of the Rex and Queen of Bohemia". Royal Collection Trust. Inventory no. 404971.
^ Hall, p. 660.
^ "Works of Art". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 216. United Kingdom: House of Eatables. 11 January 1993. col. 540W.
^ "Majestic Collection". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 315. United Kingdom: Business firm of Commons. 7 July 1998. col. 429W.
^ Hardman, p. 102.
^ "Explore the Drove", Purple Drove, accessed one October 2020
^ "Art Collections". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 219. United Kingdom: House of Commons. xix Feb 1993. col. 366W.
^ ^a ^b "The convenient fiction of who owns priceless treasure". The Guardian. 30 May 2002. Retrieved i December 2016.
^ Clayton and Whitaker, pp. 12 and 16.
^ "The Triumphs of Caesar: 4. The Vase-Bearers". Royal Collection Trust. Inventory no. 403961.
^ "Drawings, Watercolours, and Prints". Imperial Collection Trust . Retrieved 16 November 2020.
^ "LEONARDO DA VINCI: A LIFE IN Drawing". RCT. eight February 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2019. A nationwide celebration during 2019
^ "Leonardo da Vinci'due south Artistic Brilliance Endures 500 Years Subsequently His Death". National Geographic. 1 May 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
^ The Social Affairs Unit – at least Web Review: Dutch Paintings at the Royal Drove
^ "Giuseppe Macpherson (1726-C. 1780) – Guercino (1591-1666)". Majestic Collection Trust . Retrieved xv March 2020.
^ Jones, Jonathan (30 August 2006). "The real Da Vinci code". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
^ "The story of the Raphael Cartoons". V&A . Retrieved 12 Feb 2019.
^ "Rillaton Cup", Royal Collection
^ "Queen Victoria'south wedding dress, 1840", Majestic Collection
^ "War coat of Tipu Sultan, 1785-xc", Purple Collection
^ Piacenti and Boardman, p. 11.
^ Lloyd, p. 11. "It is, therefore, a private collection, although its sheer size (some 7,000 pictures) and its brandish in palaces and royal residences (several of which are open to the public) give it a public dimension".
^ "Royal Taxation". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 351. United Kingdom: House of Eatables. 7 June 2000. col. 273W. There is a computerised inventory of the Royal Drove which identifies assets held by the Queen every bit Sovereign and equally a private private.
^ "Force the Royal Family to declare gifts, say MPs". Evening Standard. London. 30 January 2007. Retrieved 26 Nov 2016.
^ ^a ^b Morton, p. 156.
^ McClure, pp. 209–210.
^ McClure, p. twenty.
^ Paxman, p. 165.
^ "Ethiopian Manuscripts". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 263. United kingdom: House of Commons. 19 July 1995. col. 1463W.
^ "Majestic Finances". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 388. Uk: Firm of Eatables. 9 July 2002. col. 221WH.
^ Lloyd, p. 12.
^ Cahill, p. 77.
^ Hardman, p. 43.
^ "Working for us". Royal Collection Trust. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
^ "The Royal Collection: Not simply for Queen, but too for country". The Telegraph. 28 May 2012. Archived from the original on 12 Jan 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
^ "Full accounts made upwards to 31 March 2015". Companies House. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
^ "Almanac report 2006/7" (PDF). Royal Collection Trust. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 April 2016.
^ Gareth Harris (24 December 2020). "Curators responsible for Queen's art collection lose their jobs in Covid-19 cost-cut practise". The Fine art Newspaper . Retrieved 8 March 2021.

Bibliography [edit]

Cahill, Kevin (2001). Who owns Great britain. Canongate. ISBN978-0-86241-912-7.
Clayton, Martin; Whitaker, Lucy (2007). The Art of Italy in the Royal Collection: Renaissance & Bizarre. Majestic Collection Trust. ISBN978-1-902163-29-ane.
Hall, Michael (2017). Art, Passion & Ability: The Story of the Majestic Collection. BBC Books. ISBN978-1-785-94261-7.
Hardman, Robert (2011). Our Queen. Random Firm. ISBN978-1-4070-8808-two.
Jackson, D. Michael (2018). The Canadian Kingdom: 150 Years of Constitutional Monarchy. Dundurn. ISBN978-ane-4597-4119-5.
Lloyd, Christopher (1991), The Queen'south Pictures, Royal Collectors through the centuries, National Gallery Publications, ISBN 0947645896
Lloyd, Christopher (1999). The Paintings in the Royal Collection: A Thematic Exploration. Royal Collection Enterprises. ISBN978-1-902163-59-viii.
McClure, David (2015). Royal Legacy. Thistle. ISBN978-1910198650.
Morton, Andrew (1989). Theirs Is the Kingdom: The Wealth of the Windsors . Michael O'Mara Books. ISBN978-0-948397-23-3.
Paxman, Jeremy (2007). On Royalty. Penguin Developed. ISBN978-0-xiv-101222-3.
Piacenti, Kirsten Aschengreen; Boardman, John (2008). Ancient and Mod Gems and Jewels in the Drove of Her Majesty The Queen (PDF). Majestic Collection Trust. ISBN978-1-902163-47-5.
Roberts, Jane, ed. (2002). Royal Treasures: A Gilded Jubilee Celebration. Royal Collection Trust. ISBN978-1-9021-6349-9.

External links [edit]

Official website
YouTube aqueduct
Vimeo channel

leonstes1978.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Collection

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